Car-truck frame.



No. 769,674. PATENTED SEPT. 6, 1904 R. C. WRIGHT & F. E. STEBBINS.

'GAE TRUCK FRAME. APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 14, 1903.

NO MODEL.

3 BHEETSSHEET l Mzizcwm g f M a 5% 7/ a aiqm No. 769,674. PATENTED SEPT'L6, 1904. R. C. WRIGHT & P. B. STBBBINS. OAR TRUCK FRAME.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 14, 1903. N0 MODEL. 3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

GZMXW No. 769,674. PATENTED SEPT. 6, 1904.

R. G. WRIGHT & F. E. STEBBINS.

CAR TRUCK FRAME. APPLIOATION FILED SEPT. 14, 1903.

N0 MODEL.

3 SHBETSSHEBT 3.

N fnvcmom. MMCM qfiz% K M g 5 1 Patented September 6, 1904.

UNITED STATES PATENT @EEICE.

RANSOi\l C. VRIGHT, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, AND FRANK E. STEBBINS, OF \VASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

OAR-TRUCK FRAME.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 769,674, dated September 6, 190 1.

Original application filed April 9, 1897, Serial No. 631,473. Divided and this application filed September 14, 1903. Serial N0.173,161. (No model.)

Be it known that we, RANsoM GJVRIGIIT, residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, and FRANK E. STEBBINS, residing at \Yashington, District of Columbia, citizens of the United States, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Car-Tlruck Frames, of which the following is a specification.

()ur invention relates to car-trucks, and embraces certain improvements disclosed in our application Serial No. 63LlT3. filed April 9,

1897, and of which said application the present application is a division.

The purpose of our invention is the production of a car-truck frame which shall especially be adapted for use under heavy cars of from sixty thousand to one hundred thousand pounds capacity, which shall be strong and durable and not be liable to become deranged or broken or bent by severe service, which shall keep square, which shall be adapted to rest upon springs located above the journalboxes, so that the entire frame will be cushioned, which shall be of such construction that it may easily and cheaply be fashioned in the ordinary car-shop without the use of special tools and appliances, which may easily and cheaply be repaired when necessary, and which, wit-hal, shall constitute a superior means for performing the requisite functions of a perfect truck-frame.

With these main ends in view our invention consists, objectively, in a car-truckframe comprised of flanged metallic beams located between the pairs of wheels and axles and adapted to support the end of a car-bod y, said beams constituting the transoms; flanged beams,preferably channels, with their flanges turned outwardly in most cases, constituting the side pieces and secured adjacent their central portions or approximately midway of their ends to the ends of the transom-beams, the ends of the sides having holes through their webs and flanges, and cast-metal pedestals fastened upon the four vertical ends of the side pieces, each of said pedestals having an extension or neck provided with a recess to receive the flanged end of a side piece, a top flange, a bottom flange, and a web, each provided with holes, and the extension or neck detachably secured by rivets or bolts to the flanged and perforated end of a side piece, and said pedestal having the opening for the insertion and removal of the journal-box at the ends or bottom of the pedestal-jaws.

It further consists in a truck-frame comprised of flanged transoms, channel side pieces, preferably with their flanges turned outwardly, the ends of the transoms being secured to the plane sides of the channel side pieces, and cast-metal pedestals open at the bottom of the jaws and each having an extension at right angles to the jaws, provided with a single recess bounded by a top flange, a bottom flange, and a web, and the said top and bottom flanges and web secured to the web and flanges of the end of a side piece by rivets or bolts, the web of the neck engaging the web of the side piece and the end of the side piece located within the recess of the pedestal extension, and the rivets passed through the flanges and webs of the side piece and pedestal-neck.

Finally, it consists in certain novelties of construction relating to the pedestals and their attachment to the ends of the side pieces, the union of the transoms and the side pieces, and in certain combinations of the constituent parts of the frame, as hereinafter set forth, and specified in the claims.

The accompanying drawings illustrate three examples of the physical embodiment of our invention constructed according to the best modes we have so far devised for the practical application of the principle.

Figures 1 and 2 are side and half-top plan views of the first example, the transoms being of channel-beams, with their flanges extending outwardly toward the wheels, the sides of rolled channel-beams, and the necks of the pedestals applied to the web and flanges of the free ends of the sides adjacent their vertical ends, against which the inner jaws of the pedestals abut. -Fig. 2 is an end view of the podestal shown in Fig. l removed from the frame. Figs. 3 and a are side and half-top plan views of the second example, the transoms being of iron or steel beams, Z-shaped in cross-section, and the pedestals each having bearings or seats for two helical springs. Figs. 5 and 6 are side and half-top plan views of a third example, the transoms being of channel-beams with their flanges facing each other, the pedestal necks applied to the web and flanges of each side piece and each pedestal having hearings or seats for four helical springs. Fig. 7 is a section on line b 6, Fig. 5. Fig. 8 is a section on line a a, Fig. 5.

Referring to the several figures, the numeral 1 designates the channel side pieces, having their ends cut off square through the flanges and web, said flanges extending outwardly; 2, the top flange of the channel; 3, the bottom flange; 4, the plane ends of the sides, having substantially vertical edges and the web and flanges perforated to receive rivets or bolts;

5, the cast-metal pedestals; 6, the necks or extensions of the pedestals, located at right angles to the pedestal-jaws; 7, the webs of the necks, having holes for rivets; 8, the top perforated flanges of the necks; 9, the bottom perforated flanges of the necks; 10, the inner bearing-flanges of the jaws, which are adapted to fit the recesses in the sides of the journalboxes; 11, a recess in each of the necks, said recess bounded by the top flange 8, the bottom flange 9, the web 7, and flange 10, the re cess being deep enough to receive the flanged end of a side piece, so thatrivets may be passed through the flanges of the neck and the flanges of the side piece and the center of the bearing-flange for the journal-box be located adjacent the vertical edge of a channel side piece; 12, the bearing-flanges of the outer jaws; 13, the perforated ends of thejaws; 14, tie-bolts within the holes at the ends of the pedestal-jaws; 15, thimbles or spacing-pieces on the bolts; 16, nuts on the bolts, by the adjustment of which the spacing-pieces are rigidly clamped between the jaws, so that strains imparted to one, jaw will be in part transmitted to the other jaw; 16, the head of the pedestal.

17 are strengthening-flanges extending up the outer bearing-flanges of the jaws and preferably over the bearing for the spring and to or along the neck; 18, flanges which unite the inner bearing-flanges of the jaws and the lower flanges of the neck; 19, rivets whichare passed through holes in the webs of the pedestal-necks and the holes in the webs of the side pieces; 20, rivets passed through the holes in the upper flanges of the necks and holes in the top flanges of the channel side pieces, and 21 are rivets passed through the holes in the lower flanges of the necks and the holes in the lower flanges of the channel side pieces.

In Figs. 1 and 2 the pedestal has a hearing or seat 22 for a single helical spring. In Figs. 3 and 4 there are provided two bearings 23 23, with a web 24 between for two helical springs,

and in Figs. 5 and 6 are four seats 25 for four separate helical springs.

The hearings or seats for the springs may be of any desired configuration,depth,or numher, and when the flange over the pedestalhead is omitted the depth should be such as to form a substantial pocket, the walls of which will serve to strengthen the head of the pedestal and enable it to withstand the strains and blows imparted from the journal-box. A detachable spring-cap may in practice, of course, be interposed between the top end or ends of the spring or springs and the bearing surface or surfaces or seat or seats on the head of the pedestal, and when caps are used the shape of the hearing may be changed to properly engage the cap and take the strains and blows and transmit them to the side pieces.

The transom-beams are of channel-section or of Z shape and differ slightly in their disposition relative to the channel side pieces.

In Figs. 1 and 2 the numeral 26 designates the transoms, having their top and bottom flanges facing the wheels and with their webs in vertical planes. 27 are the ends of the transoms slightly bent, so that their webs may contact with the webs of the side pieces; 28,

rivets passed through the webs of the channel side pieces and the webs of the transom ends; 29, a flat-top gusset or stifl enin g plate lapping over the top flanges of the channeltransoms and the flange of the side piece; 30, rivets passed-through the top flanges of the transom-beams and the gusset-plate, and 31 are rivets passed through the gusset-plate and the top flange of the channel side piece.

In Figs. 3 and 4 numeral 32 designates the metallic transoms, which are 2 shape in crosssection; 33, the ends of the transoms slightly bent; 34, the top flanges; 35,the bottomflanges slightly curved and extending under the bottom flange of the channel side piece; 36, rivets passed through the lower flange of the side piece and the lower flanges of the Z-bcams; 37 ,a top gusset-plate; 38,rivets passed through the gusset-plate and a top flange of the channel side piece; 39, rivets passed through the gusset-plate and the top flanges of theZ-beams, and 40 are rivets which unite the webs of the Z-beams to the web of the channel side.

In Figs. 5 and 6 the transoms 41 are of channel-section and with their flanges facing each other. 42 are the ends of the transoms bent and with their flanges overlapping the flanges of the channel side piece. 43 are rivets passed through the top flanges of the side piece and transom ends; 44, rivets passed through the lower flange of the side piece and transom ends, and 45 are rivets passed through the web of the side piece and the webs of the transom ends.

In all the examples a suitable center bearing, as 46, is provided, which is secured to the transoms midway between the side pieces and which usually is to support the end of a car- I secured to the vertical ends of the channelbody and the load and serve as a pivot between the truck and car-body. Side bearings which take part of the load when the car-body rocks sidewise are to be located upon the top sur- 1 faces of the gusset-plates.

Each of the top plan views of the drawings shows only one half of the complete frame, the other half, being of identical construction, is omitted.

From the foregoing specific description of the several examples it becomes obvious that we have produced a truck-frame which fulfils all the conditions set forth as the purpose 1 and end of our invention and which, besides, possesses other characteristics and desirable features of construction, constituting the same a superior means for performing the functions required of a truck-frame to support heavy weights and loads.

While we have illustrated and described only three complete examples of the physical embodiment of our invention, we do not thereby intend to limit the scope thereof to the exact details of construction, inasmuch as changes,

modifications,omissions, additions, and substitutions may be made at the will of the manufacturer. The shape in cross-section of the flanged metallic beams may be changed, the

ends of the transoms be secured directly to i the side pieces by equivalent means, such as 3 connection-angles, in addition to the gusset- 5 plates, lower gusset-plates be added,the shape in cross-section of the outer pedestal-jaws in Examples 1 and 3 be changed to an I shape in cross-section, as shown at .i- .r, Fig. 3, the width of the beams constituting the side pieces and transoms be varied, the flange over the pedestal-head be omitted, a cap added to receive the top end of the spring, the shape of i the pedestal-bearings for the spring or springs be altered, and the dimensions of the several 3 elements be changed without constituting sub- 1 stantial departures.

In all the species the transoms are located between the pairs of wheels and axles and are adapted to take the weight of the car and load primarily, which is then transferred to the side pieces and finally to the pedestal-heads and springs and the boxes and axle-journals. The ends of the frame are free, and the sides are united at points bet-ween their ends by the beams only, the flanges of the necks overlapping the flanges of the channel-sections, and the top and bottom flanges and webs of the necks are riveted to the flanges and webs of the side pieces. The location of the side pieces and transoms with their flanges turned outwardly facilitates the application of the rivets in uniting the several elements and the removal and substitution of a pedestal. The rivets passed through the top and bottom flanges of a pedestal-neck and the top and bottom flanges of a channel side piece hold the pedestal securely in line with the side piece and prevent it working loose when subjected to horizontal strains and blows. The flanged transoms are preferably of the same depth as the channel side pieces, so that the gussetplates may be applied without bending, and the gusset-plates preferably extend to the necks of the pedestals. \Ve have shown by the drawings frames de. igned for trucks which have a wheel-base of five feet six inches; but they may be shortened to live feet or live feet two inches or lengthened when so desired. The distance from the top of the railover the sides and transoms or over the transoms will of course be adapted to the body-bolster of the car which the frame is to support, and for cars of great capacity and which carry very heavy loads the flanged side pieces and transoms may be fifteen inches in depth.

hat we claim as new, and-desire to secure by Letters Patent. is W l. The combination in a truckframe structure, of two channel beam transoms with their flanges extending outwardly, and said transoms adapted to support the end of a car-body; two channel side pieces with their flanges extending outwardly united at points between their ends directly to the ends of the channel-transoms, each end of each side piece having its flanges and web provided with holes; gusset-plates secured by rivets to the top flanges of the channel side pieces and the top flanges of the channel-transoms where the i transom ends join the sides; cast-metal pedestransoiiis, the latter being joined to the webs 3 of the sides and the flanges to the flanges of the sides at the top. To hold the transoms and sides square, the gusset-plates in'two of the examples are added at the top where the sides and transoms meet. The lower flanges of each side piece are located below the tops of the journal-boxes, so that they will take the thrusts in straight lines. end of each side piece is ad acent or abuts the perpendicular flange of the inner pedestalim.

The

The top flanges of the sides are adjacent the bearings for the springs. The pedestals are tals, each having an outer jaw and an inner jaw with bearing-flanges, a head, a neck or extension at right angles to the jaws with a perforated web perforated top flange and a perforated bottom flange foiiiiing a recess for the flanged end of a side piece, and said pedestals secured to the four vertical ends of the side pieces by rivets which pass through the top and bottom flanges and the webs of both 1 the pedestal-necks and the endsof the side pieces, theflanges of the pedestal-neck overlapping the flaiiges of the end of the side piece and the web of a neck engaging the plane websurface of a side piece", and detachable means for closing the open space at the ends of the 1 jaws of each pedestal; the neck of each pedestal being secured to a side piece independent of a transom, and the head of the pedestal being adapted to rest upon a spring which is supported at its lower end upon a journal-box.

2. The combination in a truck-frame structure, of two channel beam transoms with their flanges extending outwardly, and said transoms adapted to support the end of a car-body; two channel side pieces with their flanges extending outwardly united at points between their ends directly to the ends of the channeltransoms, each end of each side piece having its flanges provided with holes; gussetplates secured by rivets to the top flanges of the channel side pieces and the top flanges of the channel-transoms where the transom ends join the sides; and cast-metal pedestals, each having an outer jaw and an inner jaw with bearing-flanges, a head, a neck or extension at right angles to the jaws with a web, perforated top flange and a perforated bottom flange forming a recess for the flanged end of a side piece, and said pedestals secured to the four vertical ends of the side pieces by rivets which pass through the top and bottom flanges of both the pedestal-necks and the ends of the side pieces, the flanges of the pedestal-neck overlapping the flanges of the end of the side piece and the web of the neck located adjacent the plain web-surface of a side piece; the neck of each pedestal being secured to a side piece independent of a transom.

3. The combination in a truck-frame structure, of two channel beam transoms with their flanges extending outwardly, and said transoms adapted to support the end of a car-body; two channel side pieces with their flanges extending outwardly united at points between their ends directly to the ends of the channeltransoms, each end of each side piece having a flange and the web provided with holes; gusset-plates secured by rivets to the top flanges of the channel side pieces and the top flanges of the channel-transoms where the transom ends join the sides; and east-metal pedestals, each having an outer jaw and an inner jaw with bearing-flanges, a head, a neck or exten' sion at right angles to the jaws with a perforated weba top flange and a bottom flange one of the flanges being perforated, said parts forming a recess for the flanged end of a side piece, and said pedestals secured to the four vertical ends of the side pieces by rivets which pass through the perforated flanges and the webs of both the pedestal-necks and the ends of the side pieces, the flanges of a pedestal neck overlapping the flanges of the end of a side piece and the web of a neck engaging the plain web-surface of a side piece; the neck of each pedestal being secured to a side piece independent of a transom.

4E. The combination in a truck-frame structure, of two channel beam transoms with their flanges extending outwardly, and said transoms adapted to support the end of a car-body; two channel side pieces with their flanges extending outwardly united at points between their ends directly to the ends of the channeltransoms, each end of each side piece having its flanges and web provided with holes; gusset-plates secured by rivets to the top flanges of the channel side pieces and the top flanges of the channel-transoms where the transom ends join the sides; and cast-metal pedestals each having an outer jaw and an inner jaw with bearing-flanges, a head, a neck or extension at right angles to the jaws with a perforated web perforated top flange and a perforated bottom flange forming a recess for the flanged end of a side piece, and said pedestals secured to the four vertical-ends of the side pieces by rivets which pass through the top and bottom flanges and the webs of both the pedestal-necks and the ends of the side pieces, the flanges of the pedestal-neck overlapping the flanges of the end of the side piece and the web of a neck engaging the plain web-surface of a side piece; said pedestals being secured to the ends of the side pieces independent of the transoms and being open at the bottom of the,

jaws only for the insertion of the journalboxes and provided with means for rigidly uniting the ends of the jaws.

5. The combination in a truck-frame structure, of two channel beam transoms with their flanges extending outwardly, and said transoms adapted to support the end of a car-body; two channel side pieces with their flanges extending outwardly united at points between their ends directly to the ends of the channeltransoms, each end of each side piece having its flanges and web provided with holes; gusset-plates secured by rivets to the top flanges of the channel side pieces and the top flanges of the channel-transoms where the transom ends join the sides; and cast-metal pedestals, each having an outer jaw and an inner jaw with bearing-flanges, a head, a bearing for a spring located at the inner lower surface of the head, a neck or extension at right angles to the jaws with a perforated web perforated top flange and a perforated bottom flange forming a recess for the flanged end of a side piece, and said pedestals secured to the four vertical ends of the side pieces by rivets which pass through the top and bottom flanges and the webs of both the pedestal-necks and the ends of the side pieces, the flanges of the pedestalneck overlapping the flanges of the end of the side piece and the web of the neck engaging the plain web-surface of a side piece; the neck of each pedestal being secured to the end of a side piece independent of a transom, and the lower ends of the pedestal-jaws being united by detachable means.

6. The combination in a truck-frame structure, of two channel beam transoms, and said transoms adapted to support the end of a carbody; two channel sid e pieces with their flanges extending outwardly united at points between their ends directly to the ends of the channeltransoms, each end of each side piece having its flanges and web provided with holes; and cast-metal pedestals each having an outer jaw and an inner jaw with bearing-flanges, a head, means located at the lower inner surface of the head adapted to receive the end of a spring, a neck or extension at right angles to the jaws with a perforated web perforated top flange and perforated bottom flange forming arecess for the flanged end of a side piece, and said pedestals secured to the four vertical ends of the side pieces by rivets which pass through the top and bottom flanges and the webs of both the pedestal-necks and the ends of the side pieces, the flanges of the pedestal-neck overlapping the flanges of the end of the side piece and the web of the neck engaging the plain web-surface of a side piece; the neck of each pedestal being secured to a side piece independent of a transom, and the opening for the insertion of a journal-box between the jaws being closed by detachable means.

'7. The combination in a truck-frame structure, of flanged transoms adapted to be located between the pairs of wheels and axles and to support the end of a car-body; two channel side pieces united at points between their ends directly to the ends of the flanged transoms, each end of each side piece having its flanges and web provided with holes; gusset-plates secured by rivets to the flanges of the channel side pieces and the flanges of the transoms where the transom ends join the sides; and cast-metal pedestals each having an outer jaw and an inner jaw with bearing-flanges, a head, means at the inner or lower surface of the head to receive the end of a spring, a neck or extension at right angles to the jaws with a perforated web perforated top flange and perforated bottom flange forming a recess for the flanged end of a side piece, and said pedestals secured to the four vertical ends of the side pieces by rivets which pass through-the top and bottom flanges and the webs of both the pedestal-necks and the ends of the side pieces, the flanges of the pedestal-neck overlapping the flanges of the end of the side piece and the web of a neck engaging the plain web-surface of the side piece; each pedestal-neck beingsecured to a side piece independent of a transom, and the opening at the ends of the jaws being closed by detachable means.

8. The combination in a truck-frame structure, of flanged transoms located between the pairs of wheels and axles and adapted to support an end of a *ar-body: two flanged side pieces united at points between their ends directly to the ends of the flanged transoms, each end of each side piece having its flanges and web provided with holes; gusset-Mates secured by rivets to the flanges of the side pieces and the flanges of the transoms where the transom ends join the sides; and cast-metal pedestals. each having an outer jaw and an inner jaw with bearing-flanges, a head, means for receiving the top end of a helical spring 1 l l l located at the inner surface of the head, a neck or extension at right angles to the jaws with a perforated web perforated top flange and a perforated bottom flange forming a recess or seat for the flanged end of a side piece, and said pedestals secured to the four vertical ends of the flanged side pieces by rivets which pass through the top and bottom flanges and the webs of both the pedestal-necks and the ends of the side pieces, the flanges of the pedestalneck overlapping the flanges of the end of the side piece and the web of the neck located adjacent the web-surface of the side piece; each pedestal-neck being secured to a side piece independent of a transom, and detachable means being provided for closing the opening at the bottom of each pedestal for the insertion and removal of the journal-boxes.

9. The combination in a truck-frame structu re, of a transom or transoms located between the pairs of wheels and adapted to support the end of a car-body; two channel side pieces with their flanges extending outwardly united at points between their ends directly to the ends of the transom or transoms, each end of each side piece having its flanges and web provided with holes; and cast-metal pedestals, each having an outer jaw and an inner jaw with bearing-flanges, ahead, means for receiving the end or ends of a helical spring or springs located at the inner surface of the head, a neck or extension at right angles to thejaws with a perforated web perforated top flange and a perforated bottom flange forming a recess for the flanged end of a side piece, and said pedestals secured to the four vertical ends of the side pieces by rivets which pass through the top and bottom flanges and the webs of both the pedestal-necks and the ends of the side pieces, the flanges of the pedestal-neck overlapping the flanges of the ends of the side piece and the web of the neck located adjacent the plain web-surface of a side piece; the neck of each pedestal being secured to the end of the side piece independent of a transom, and means being provided for closing the openings between the jaws where the journalboxes are inserted and removed.

10. The combination in a truck-frame structure, of flanged beam transoms located between the pairs of wheels and adapted to support the end of the car-body; two channel sidepieces united at points between their ends directly to the ends of the flanged transoms, each end of each side piece having its web and lower flange provided with holes; gussetplates secured by rivets to the flanges of the side pieces and the flanges of the transoms where the transom ends join the sides; and cast-metal pedestals each having an outer jaw and an inner jaw with bearing-flanges, a head, means located at the inner surface of the head to receive the end of the spring or springs, a neck or extension at right angles to the jaws with a perforated web and a perforated bottom flange forming a seat for the flanged end of a side piece, and said pedestals secured to the four vertical ends of the side pieces by rivets which pass through the bottom flanges and the webs of both the pedestal-necks and the ends of the side pieces, the lowerflange of the pedestal-neck overlapping the lower flange of the end of the side piece and the web of the neck engaging the websurface of a side piece; the necks of the pedestals being secured to the side pieces independent of the transoms,and means being provided for closing the openings between the pedestal-jaws where the journal-boxes are inserted and removed.

11. The combination in a truck-frame structure, of flanged beam transoms located between the pairs of wheels and adapted to support the end of a car-body; two channel side pieces united at points between their ends directly to the ends of the flanged transoms, each end of each side piece having its web and an upper flange provided with holes; gusset-plates secured by rivets to the flanges of the side pieces and the flanges of the transoms where the transom ends join the sides; and cast metal pedestals each having an outer jaw and an inner jaw with bearing-flanges, a

head, means located at the inner surface of the head to support the end of a spring or springs, a neck or extension at right angles to the jaws with a perforated web and a perforated top flange forming a seat for the flanged end of the side piece, and said pedestals secured to the four vertical ends of the side pieces by rivets, which pass through the top flanges and the webs of both the pedestal-necks and the ends of the side pieces, the top flange of the pedestal-neck overlapping the top flange of the end of the side piece and the web of the neck engaging the web-surface of a side piece; each neck of a pedestal being secured to the end of a side piece independent of a transom and means being provided for closing the openings between the pedestal-jaws where the journalboxes are inserted and removed.

12. The combination in a truck-frame structure, of flanged beam transoms located between the pairs of wheels and adapted to support the end of a car-body; flangedside pieces united at points between their ends directly to the ends of the flanged transoms, each end of each side piece having its web and flanges provided with holes; and cast metal pedestals each having an outer jaw and an inner jaw with bearing-flanges, a head, means located at the inner surface of the head to support the end of a spring or springs, a neck or extension at right angles to the jaws with a perforated web perforated bottom flange and perforated top flange forming aseat or recess for the flanged end of the side piece, and said pedestals secured to the four vertical ends of theside pieces by rivets which pass through the webs and flanges of both the pedestal necks and the ends of the side pieces, the flanges of the pedestal-neck overlapping the flanges of the end of the side piece and the web of the neck engaging the web-surface of the side piece; the neck of each pedestal being secured to the end of a side piece independent of a transom.

13. The combination in a truck-frame structure, of flanged beam transoms located between the pairs of wheels and adapted to sup port the end of a car-body; flanged side pieces united at points between their ends directly to the ends of the flanged transoms. each end of each side piece having its web and flanges provided with holes; gusset-plates secured by rivets to the flanges of the side pieces and the flanges of the transoms where the transom ends join the sides; and castmetal pedestals each having an outer jaw and an inner jaw with bearing-flanges, a head, means located at the inner surface of the head to support the end of a spring or springs, a neck or extension at right angles to the jaws with a perforated web perforated top flange and per forated bottom flange forming a seat or recess for the flanged end of the side piece, and said pedestals secured to the four vertical ends of the side pieces by rivets which pass through the webs and flanges of both the pedestal-necks and the ends of the side pieces, the flanges of the pedestal-neck overlapping the flanges of the end of the side piece and the web of the neck engaging the web-surface of a side piece; each pedestal-neck being secured to the end of a side piece independent of a transom, and means being provided for rigidly uniting the jaws at their ends.

14. The combination in a truck-frame structure of flanged beam transoms located between the pairs of wheels adapted to support the end of a car-body; flanged side pieces united at points between their ends directly to the ends of the flanged transoms, each end of each side piece having its top and bottom flanges provided with holes; and cast-metal pedestals each having an outer jaw and an inner jaw with bearing-flanges, a head, means located at the inner surface of the head to support the end of a spring or springs, a neck or extension at right angles to the jaws with a perforated top flange and perforated bottom flange forming a seat for the flanged end of the side piece, and said pedestals secured to the four vertical ends of the side pieces by rivets which pass through the flanges of both the pedestalnecks and the ends of the side pieces, the lower flange of the pedestal-neck engaging the lower I flange of the end of the side piece and the top flange of the neck engaging the top flange of the side piece; the pedestal-necks being secured upon the ends of the side pieces independent of the transoms, and means being provided for rigidly uniting the jaws at their enc s.

ture, of flanged beam transoms located between the pairs of wheels and adapted to support the end of a car-body; flanged side pieces united at points between their ends directly to the ends of the flanged transoms, each end of each side piece having its top and bottom flanges provided with holes; gusset-plates secured by rivets to the flanges of the side pieces 1 and the flanges of the transoms where the j transom ends join the sides; and cast-metal pedestals each having an outer jaw and an inner jaw with bearing-flanges, a head, means 10- cated at the inner surface of the head to supi port the end of a spring or springs, a neck or f extension at right angles to the jaws with perforated top and bottom flanges forming a seat for the flanged end of the side piece, and said 1 pedestals secured to the four vertical ends of the side pieces by rivets which pass through the top and bottom flanges of both the pedestal-necks and the ends of the side pieces, the top and bottom flanges of the pedestal-neck t engaging the top and bottom flanges of the i side piece; each pedestal-neck being secured upon the end of a side piece independent of a transom, and means being provided for rigidly uniting the jaws at their ends.

16. The combination in a truck-frame structure, of flanged beam transoms located between the pairs of wheels and adapted to support the end of a car-body; flanged side pieces united at points between their ends directly to the ends of the flanged transoms, each end of each side piece having its bottom flange and web provided with holes; and cast-metal pedestals each having an outer jaw and an inner l jaw with bearing-flanges, a head, means lo cated at the inner surface of the head to support the end of a spring or springs, a neck or extension at right angles to the jaws with a perforated web and perforated bottom flange forming a seat for the flanged end of the side piece, and said pedestals secured to the four vertical ends of the side pieces by rivets which pass through the webs and bottom flanges of both the pedestal-necks and the ends of the side pieces, the lower flange of the pedestalneck engaging the lower flange of the end of the side piece and the web of the neck engaging the web-surface of the side piece; the necks of the pedestals being secured upon the ends of the side pieces independent of the transoms, and means being provided for uniting the jaws at their ends.

17. The combination in a truck-frame structure, of flanged beam transoms located bei tween the pairs of wheels and adapted to support the end of a car-body: flanged side pieces united at points between their ends directly to the ends of the flanged transoms, each end of each side piece having its web and a lower flange provided with holes; stitl'ening'-ineans l secured to the side pieces and the transoms l where the transom ends join the sides; and

15. The combination in a truck-frame strucl cast-metal pedestals each having an outer jaw and an inner jaw with bearing-flanges, a head, means located at the inner surface of the head to support the end of a spring, a neck or extension at right angles to the jaws with a perforatcd web and perforated bottom flange forming a seat for the flanged end of the side piece, and said pedestals secured to the four vertical ends of the side pieces by rivets which pass through the webs and lower flanges of both the pedestal-necks and ends of the side pieces, the lower flange of the pedestal-neck engaging the lower flange of the end of the side piece and the web of the neck engaging the web-surface of the side piece; each pedestalneck being secured upon the end of a side piece independent of a transom, and means being provided for uniting the jaws at their ends.

18. The combination in a truck-frame structure, of flanged beam transoms located between the pairs of wheels and adapted to support the end of a car-body; flanged side pieces united at points between their ends directly to the ends of the flanged transoms, each end of each side piece having its web and the top flange provided with holes; stiffening means secured to the side pieces and the transoms where the transom ends join the sides: and cast-metal pedestals each having an outer jaw and an inner jaw with bearing-flanges, a head, means located at the inner surface of the head to support the end of a spring. a neck or extension at right angles to the jaws with a perforated web and a perforated top flange forming a seat for the flanged end of the side piece, and said pedestals secured to the four vertical ends of the side pieces by rivets which pass through the webs and top flanges of both the pedestal-necks and the ends of the side pieces, the top flange of a pedestal-neck engaging the top flange of the end of the side piece and the web of the neck engaging the welrsurface of a side piece; each pedestal-neck being secured to the end of a side piece independent of a transom, and means being provided for uniting the jaws at their ends.

19. The combination in a truck-frame structure, of a transom or transoms located between the pairs of wheels and adapted to support the end of a car-body: flanged side pieces united at points between their ends directly to the ends of the transom or transoms, each end of each side piece having its web and flanges provided with holes; and cast-metal pedestals each having an outer jaw and an inner jaw with bearing-flanges, a head, means located at the inner surface of the head to support the end of a spring, a neck or extension at right angles to the jaws with a perforated web, perforated bottom flange and perforated top flange forming a seat for the flanged end of a side piece, and said pedestals secured to the four vertical ends of the side pieces by rivets which pass through the flanges and the webs of both the pedestal-necks and the ends of the side pieces, the flanges of the pedestalneck overlapping the flanges of the end of the side piece and the web of the neck engaging the plane web surface of the side piece; the necks of the pedestals being secured upon the ends of the side pieces independent of the transom or transoms, and means being provided for uniting the jaws at their ends.

20. The combination in a truck-framestructure, of a transom or transoms located between the pairs of wheels and adapted to support the end of a car-body; flanged side pieces united at points between their ends directly to the transom ends, each end of each side piece having its top and bottom flanges provided with holes; and cast-metal pedestals each having an outer jaw and an inner jaw with bearing-flanges, a head, means located at the inner surface of the head to support the end of a spring, a neck or extension at right angles to the jaws with perforated top and bottom flanges for eiigaging the flanged end of a side piece, the said pedestals secured to the four vertical ends of the side pieces by rivets which pass through the top and bottom flanges of both the pedestal-necks and the ends of the side pieces, the top and bottom flanges of the pedestal-neck engaging the top and bottom flanges of the end of the side piece; the neck of each pedestal being secured upon the end of a side piece independent of a transom, and means for uniting the jaws at their ends.

21. The combination in a truck-frame structure, of a transom or transoms located between the pairs of wheels and adapted to support the end of a carbody; flanged side pieces united at points between their ends directly to the transom ends, each end of each side piece having its bottom flange and web provided with holes; and cast-metal pedestals each having an outer jaw and an inner jaw with bearing-flanges, a head, means located at the inner surface of the head to support the end of a spring, a neck or extension at right angles to the jaws with a perforated bottom flange and a perforated web, the said pedestals secured to the four vertical ends of the side pieces by rivets which pass through the bottom flanges and webs of both the pedestalnecks and the ends of the side pieces, the lower flange of the pedestal-neck engaging the lower flange of the end of the side piece and the web of the neck engaging the web-surface of the side piece; each pedestal-neck being secured upon the end of aside piece independent of a transom, and means being provided for uniting the jaws at their ends.

22. The combination in a truck-frame structure, of a transom or transoms located between the pairs of wheels and adapted to support the end of a car-body; flanged side pieces united at points between their ends directly to the transom ends, each end of each side piece having its top flange and web provided with holes; and cast-metal pedestals each having an outer jaw and an inner jaw with bearingflanges, a head, means located at the inner surface of the head to support the end of a spring, a neck or extension at right angles to the jaws with a perforated top flange and perforated web forming a seat for the flanged end of a side piece, the said pedestals secured to the four vertical ends of the side pieces by rivets which pass through the top flanges and webs of both the pedestal-necks and the ends of the side pieces, the top flange and web of the pedestal-neck engaging the top flange and web of the end of the side piece, the necks of the pedestals being secured upon the ends of the side pieces independent of the transoms, and

means being provided for uniting the jaws at their ends.

23. The combination in a truck-frame structure, of a transom or transoms located between the pairs of wheels and adapted to support the end of a car-body; channelside pieces united at points between their ends directly to the transom ends; cast-metal pedestals each having a neck or extension on one side only, and an outer jaw I-shaped in cross-section secured directly upon the vertical ends of the channel side pieces; the pedestals being open at the bottom of the jaws and provided with means for rigidly uniting the jaws.

24. The combination in a truck-frame structure, of a transom or transoms located between the pairs of wheels and adapted to support the end of a car-body; flanged beam side pieces united at points between their ends directly to the transom ends; gusset-plates at the top; and cast-metal pedestals, each having a neck or extension on one side only, secured directly upon the vertical ends of the side pieces; each of said pedestals having a bearing to receive the end of a spring and being open at the bottom of the jaws which are provided with means for closing the same; and each pedestal-neck being secured to the end of a side piece independent of a transom.

25. The combination in a truck-frame structure, of flanged beam transoms located between the pairs of wheels and adapted to support the end of the car-body; flanged beam side pieces united at points between their ends directly to the transom ends; strengthening means consisting of gusset-plates riveted to the transom ends and the side pieces, and metal pedestals, each having a neck or extension on one side only, secured directly upon the vertical ends of the side pieces; each of said pedestals being secured to a side piece independent of a transom, and havinga hearing at the under surface of the head for a spring and the jaws open at the bottom for the insertion and removal of a journal-box, with means for closing the space between the ends of the jaws.

26. The combination in a truck-frame structure, of channel beam transoms located between pairs of wheels and adapted to support the end of a car-body; channel beam side pieces united at points between their ends directly to the ends of the channel-transoms; means for stiffening the union of the sides and transoms, consisting of gusset-plates; and metal pedestals each having a neck or extension on one side only, secured directly upon the vertical ends of the side pieces; each of said pedestals being secured to the end of a channel side piece I independent of a transom, and having a bearing at the under surface of the head for a spring, and being provided with means for closing the opening at the bottom of the pedestal-jaws.

27. A side frame for a car-truck consisting of a channel-beam with its ends cut off square and with its web and flanges perforated, combined with two east-metal pedestals each pedestal having two jaws with bearing-flanges, a head, a seat or bearingsurface for a spring at the under surface of the head, and a neck or extension on one side only at right angles to the jaws, said neck coniprisinga perforated web, perforated top flange, and perforated bottom flange forming a recess for the end of the channel-beam, and rivets passed through the webs and flanges of both the ends of the channel side piece and the neck, means being provided for closing the openings at the bottom of the jaws.

28. A side frame for a truck consisting of a flanged beam with its ends cut off square and with its web and flanges perforated, combined with two east-metal pedestals each pedestal having two jaws with bearing-flanges, a head, a seat or bearing-surface for a spring at the under surface of the head, and a neck or extension on one side only at right angles to the jaws, said neck having a perforated web, perforated top flange, and perforated bottom flange forming a recess or seat for the end of the flanged beam, and rivets passed through the webs and flanges of both the ends of the flanged side piece and the necks, means being provided for closing the openings at the bottom of the jaws.

i l l l l 29. A side frame for a car-truck consisting of a flanged beam with its ends cut off square and with its web and lower flange perforated, combined with two cast-metal pedestals each pedestal having two jaws with bearing-flanges, a head, a seat or bearing-surface for a spring at the under surface of the head, and a neck or extension on one side only at right angles to the jaws, said neck having a perforated lower flange and a perforated web forming a seat for the end of a flanged side piece, and rivets passed through the webs and perforated lower flanges of the pedestal-necks and the web and lower flange of each end of the side piece, means being provided for closing the opening at the bottom of the jaws.

30. A cast-metal pedestal having an outer jaw and an inner jaw with bearing-flanges, a neck or extension on one side only and at right angles to the jaws, said neck being provided with a web, an upper flange and a lower flange forming a seat or recess, said web and flanges being perforated to receive rivets for uniting the said web and flanges to the end ofaflanged beam, means for rigidly uniting the jaws at their lower ends, and a seat or bearing-surface for a spring at the under surface of the head of the pedestal.

31. A cast-metal pedestal having an outer jaw and an inner jaw with bearing-flanges, a neck or extension on one side only and at right angles to .the jaws, said neck being provided with a web, an upper flange and a lower flange forming a seat or recess, said web and flanges being perforated, means for rigidly uniting the jaws at their lower ends, and a seat or bearing-surface for a spring; said outerjaw being substantially I-shaped in cross-section.

In testimony whereof we affix our signatures in presence of two witnesses.

RANSOM (l. \VRIGHT. FRANK E. STEBBINS.

\Vitnesses:

Lizzie Rmrr, W'ILLIAM C. STOEVER. 

